**Cell division and growth**: The dedifferentiated cells divide and proliferate to form a mass of undifferentiated cells called a blastema.Ĥ.
**Cellular dedifferentiation**: Specialized cells near the wound site undergo dedifferentiation, meaning they lose their specific characteristics and become more flexible.ģ. **Wound healing**: When a part of the organism is lost or damaged, the wound is sealed to prevent infection and promote healing.Ģ. The process of regeneration can be explained as follows:ġ. It is observed in various organisms, including flatworms, starfish, and salamanders. Regeneration is the process by which an organism regrows or replaces lost or damaged body parts. **Germination**: When conditions are favorable, the spore germinates and develops into a new individual.
**Spore dispersal**: The mature spores are released from the sporangia and are dispersed by various means like wind, water, or animals.ģ. **Spore production**: Specialized structures called sporangia or sporangium produce spores.Ģ. The steps involved in spore formation are as follows:ġ. It involves the production of specialized reproductive cells called spores. Spore formation is a method of asexual reproduction observed in many fungi, algae, and some plants. **Separation**: The bud gradually detaches from the parent organism, forming an independent individual. **Growth and development**: The bud grows in size and undergoes cell division to form a miniature version of the parent organism.ģ. **Bud formation**: A small bud or outgrowth develops on the parent organism.Ģ. The process of budding can be described as follows:ġ. It involves the formation of a small bud or outgrowth from the parent organism, which eventually detaches and becomes a new individual. **Cytokinesis**: The two daughter cells separate completely, becoming individual organisms.īudding is a type of asexual reproduction observed in organisms like yeast, hydra, and some plants. **Cell division**: The septum fully forms, separating the parent cell into two daughter cells, each containing a copy of the replicated DNA.ĥ.
**Septum formation**: A septum or cell wall begins to form at the center of the cell, dividing it into two halves.Ĥ. **Cell elongation**: The parent cell elongates and prepares for cell division.ģ. **Duplication of DNA**: The parent cell replicates its genetic material (DNA), resulting in two identical copies.Ģ. The steps involved in binary fission are as follows:ġ. In this process, a parent cell divides into two identical daughter cells. Binary fission is a method of asexual reproduction commonly found in single-celled organisms like bacteria and protists.
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